المرويات التاريخية لمغلطاي بن قليج (ت 762هـ) في كتاب الاشارة الى سيرة المصطفى وتاريخ من بعده من الخلفا

الباحث

فيان فارس ناصر حسين

المشرف

عمر أمجد صالح عبد القادر

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

دكتوراه

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

مغلطاي بن قليج; السيرة النبوية; التاريخ الإسلامي; المرويات التاريخية

The study of the Prophetic Biography and knowledge of its events and the details of its details is a general requirement for Muslims, especially students of knowledge. Getting to know the biography of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and following his path are among the highest purposes and goals that scholars have been studying, writing, and taking care of since the first century AH. They have made a great effort in documenting this science and preserving it, leaving us with a huge heritage of works that differ in terms of the amount of information, its accuracy, and the methodology followed in documenting it. These works have been studied by a number of researchers to present studies about these scholars and their narrations methodologies, and the resources they relied on in documenting the events. The study of the methods of historians and their extrapolation is a vital dimension for determining the trends of writing the Prophetic Biography and its features in that period, because these studies require the identification of the methods, materials, and authors of historians and their classifications, as well as their sources of information, knowledge of the printed and manuscript, and what is in the count of the missing. There is no doubt that this matter is of the utmost importance, as it represents a step in the right direction for the study of the prophetic biography. The study of historical works of the late centuries acquires exceptional importance, as they represent the product of a new stage in the life of the nation after the transfer of the centre of intellectual and cultural activity to Egypt after the fall of the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad. Their historians were keen to prove that the nation is still capable of creativity and production. Although the seventh century AH/thirteenth century AD and the eighth century AH/fourteenth century AD witnessed the brilliance of a large number of scholars in the East and the Arab Maghreb who played a major role in documenting history, there are a number of scholars whose works have not received attention and study, and we find them still unknown to many. It was decided that the study would be called "The Historical Narrations and Resources of Muqaltayı bin QalıĖ (762 AH/1361 AD) Through His Book "The Indication to the Biography of Al- Mustafa (The Chosen One and the History of the Caliphs After Him" to honour one of the scholars from the Mamluk kingdoms, Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz Al-Muhaddith Al-Mu'arrikh Al-Nasab Muqaltayı bin QalıĖ, who helped to improve the field of science in Egypt and the Islamic world. He is a scientific encyclopedia that was appreciated and praised by the scholars of his time, even describing him as "the Sheikh, the Imam, the Hafiz, the Role Model, the Owner of Many Classifications." The book "The Indication to the Biography of Al-Mustafa (The Chosen) One and the History of the Caliphs After Him" is one of the important books of great scientific value. The book consists of two parts: the first part deals with the biography of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) from birth to death (peace be upon him), as well as the discussion of the qualities of the Prophet, his virtues, miracles, and characteristics. The second part deals with the documentation of the history of the caliphs in the three eras (Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid). The book also includes many poetic narratives, genealogies, and biographies. Thus, the book is a historical encyclopaedia that is still unknown to many. This is confirmed by the saying of Taqi al-Din al-Fasi, who said, "It has psychological benefits that are not found in many books that are detailed in this sense." The importance of the book also lies in its frequent quotations and reliance on it by dozens of historians and hadith scholars, such as Sahih Ibn al-Ajami, Ibn Sayyid al-Nas, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, al-Sakhawi, and many others. It is also distinguished by its accuracy in reporting and scientific integrity in dealing with the sources from which it was reported. This was proven by the researcher in the fourth chapter of the study. In addition to the above, it can be said that this importance that was given to Muqaltayı bin Qalığ and his works encouraged me to study his method, the content of the book, and its historical contents, and to learn about his method in dealing with events and narratives, his style of writing, and his sources. In addition to the lack of previous studies that have addressed this topic, this study is a new addition, and in this way, I will have followed in the footsteps of the scientific journey of those who came before me to revive the heritage of our nation and remove the dust of oblivion from the works of one of its scholars. The methodology used in the study is based on the induction of texts to study the book, analyse its material, and explain its method, and sources, with reference to the texts of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ in order to support the idea and enrich the topic, track his texts and opinions, compare them, and verify them with the primary sources to authenticate the narratives and events, and explain his method of transmission. So the study based on three methods, investigative, descriptive and analytical as the study required. The researcher faced some difficulties during the completion of the study, represented by the encyclopedic nature of the book and its coverage of a long period of time and different eras, in addition to the method of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ in recording narrations based on brevity and abbreviation in the narration, as he often transferred the narration in a way that is paraphrased and abbreviated, so it does not exceed a sentence or two, which made it difficult for the researcher to attribute the text to its original source. The researcher also faced difficulties due to the author's lack of references. This made it difficult for the researcher to verify the texts and narratives and match them with the original sources. The researcher also faced difficulties due to the author's inconsistency in referencing sources. Sometimes the author would refer to the author's name, sometimes the title of the book, and sometimes both. This made it difficult for the researcher to identify the source, as there may be more than one book by the same author. The nature of the study required it to be divided into an introduction, a preliminary study, three chapters, and a conclusion. The conclusion included the most important findings of the researcher, as well as appendices and a list of sources and references. The preliminary study discussed the era of the author, who lived during the reign of fourteen of the Mamluk sultans. The study discussed the characteristics of the era of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ in terms of the political, social, economic, and intellectual conditions in Egypt and their impact on the author's scientific formation and intellectual development. It included the biography of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ, including his birth, name, lineage, nickname, title, family, his ordeal and its causes, his teachers and students, his scientific status, the opinions of scholars about him, his travels, his positions, his works, and finally his death. Chapter one discussed the narrations of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ through his book "The Indication." The chapter was divided into two sections: the first section was devoted to the content of the book, which included the title of the book, the date of its composition, editions of the book, motivations for its composition, a general description of the book, and its advantages. The second section clarified the narrations of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ in the historical documentation of the Prophet's biography, miracles, characteristics, and qualities, in addition to his narrations in documenting the history of the caliphs in the three eras (Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid). Chapter two included the methodology of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ in documenting the Prophet's biography and the history of the caliphs. The chapter included a definition of the methodology in language and terminology, the author's methodology in documenting the Prophet's biography, which included documentation, chains of transmission, texts, transmission, and quotation, as well as the way he dealt with the various topics (personalities, places, and events), his criticism of the narrations, his methodology in documenting miracles and characteristics and qualities of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and a mention of his methodology in the historical documentation of the history of the caliphs in the Rashidun and Umayyad eras. Chapter three was devoted to the study of the resources of Muqaltayı bin Qalığ, from which he quoted and relied on in the authentication of the narrations. His sources fell into two categories: those that the author specifically mentioned, like the Quran, books of hadith and their commentaries, books of the Prophet's biography, general history, biographies, literature, language, books of countries, literature, jurisprudence, and geography, as well as those that he did not mention, like anonymous sources and poetic narrations.

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البريد الإلكتروني

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