التوظيف الديني والسياسي في علاقة الخلافة بقوى المعارضة في العصر العباسي (132-247هـ/749-861م)

الباحث

هديل سعدون عبد الصاحب حيدر

المشرف

نزار محمد قادر النعيمي

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

دكتوراه

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

التوظيف الديني والسياسي; الخلافة العباسية; قوى المعارضة; التاريخ الإسلامي

The caliph derives his legitimacy in managing the state and leading the nation from the foundations that Muslims established after the Prophet (pbuh) passed away. These foundations, despite the variety of methods of power rotation during the Rashidun era, have become constants that the nation has agreed upon. These foundations are based on consultation, election, and a pledge of allegiance in naming who holds the position of caliphate.. However, the arrival of the Umayyads to the position of caliphate, due to military force, represented a turning point in the early history of political Islam, because it ravaged the historical precedents recognized by Muslims, which led to the majority of Muslims not recognizing the legitimacy of their caliphate, and their lack of preference and entitlement to do so with the presence of personalities from the Companions (may God be pleased with them) who precede them with precedence, companionship and kinship from the Prophet (pbuh) , especially the family of the house (peace be upon them), and their claim of kinship from the Caliph Othman bin Affan (Puh) was not achieved. Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) waived the caliphate to Muawiyah (puh) from imposing loyalty and obedience on these categories of Muslims, forcing them to search for religious facades that achieve their legitimacy, so he introduced what was termed (algebraic) derived from the divine will, meaning that their caliphate was done according to the divine will, and by the judgment of almighty Allah and his destiny, and as a result, their caliphate is a selection from God Almighty, humans have no will in it, which imposes their obedience and loyalty to them, because going out on them is tantamount to objecting to these Will. This was the beginning of religious employment to achieve political purposes in the Islamic political system, with which most opposition movements of different orientations were not excluded, including the Abbasid opposition, whose secret call was based on the slogan (satisfaction from the family of Muhammad) to give a religious character to their movement, as well as their commitment to work with the Book of God Almighty and the Sunnah of His Prophet (pbuh), aimed at gaining the sympathy and loyalty of Muslims to the family of the house (peace be upon them), and for all the sacrifices they made to prove their superiority and entitlement to the caliphate, and what was promoted from their pledge of allegiance to one of the Upper characters. While the preachers obscured the identity of the real imam, until after the success of the revolution, he announced the pledge of allegiance to Abu al-Abbas (Abdullah bin Muhammad), the first Abbasid caliph. Who announced in the pledge of allegiance sermon the right of the Abbasids to the caliphate, and that God Almighty restored their usurped right from the legacy of prophecy, relying on the Umayyad legacy in the divine will, thus separating from their commitment to the Ahl al-Bayt (Alawites) (peace be upon them), and from the slogans of their call. This religious constant became a criterion of legitimacy adopted by successive caliphs in achieving their political purposes, while ensuring that it was established based on the purposes of Sharia. Based on this, the Abbasid Caliphate in its early era defended its legitimacy. And its political methods in dealing with opposition trends, with their various names, declared and background facades. Hence, the study of the subject according to this operative in an attempt aimed at distinguishing between the facades and purposes that drew many of the course of the historical event, at the level of political development and its opponents, according to the criticism of the historical novel, including its connotations and the untold of its purposes, leading to another historical vision, which took into account the different intellectual orientations of historians, as well as the indicators of power in the time of historical codification.

طلب نسخة من الملف

الملفات غير منشورة على الموقع. اترك بياناتك وسيتواصل معك موظفو قسم الشؤون الثقافية والفنون لإرسال النسخة مجاناً.

الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب