مقتدى الصدر ودوره السياسي في العراق حتى عام 2014 - دراسة تاريخية

الباحث

سلام عباس برغش الربيعي

المشرف

احمد يونس زويد الجشعمي

الجامعة

جامعة بابل

الكلية / القسم

التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2023

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

مقتدى الصدر;الدور السياسي;العراق;التاريخ المعاصر

This study is based on the political role of Sayyid Muqtada al-Sadr and his reform project whose first seed began in Iraq at the hands of the martyr Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (Jerusalem) through the stage of confronting the reference and taking the reins of the legitimate leadership in the time of al- Sadr II, who began his religious activity during the reign of Saddam Hussein And his activity in helping the poor and advocating in the countryside, in addition to the personality of al-Sadr II in opposition to the rule of the Baathist regime, around which many followers gathered in the shadow of the execution and the presence of other social and religious movements with the same activity. The fascist Baathist party that carried out the assassination - all of this led to maintaining popular support for the second al-Sadr project until Muqtada al-Sadr emerged as the new leader of the movement after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime . And at the beginning of the fall of the fascist Baath regime and the fall of the unjust destroyer, people started flocking to the office of the martyr al-Sadr in groups because it was the only office that opened its doors to people and received them. And answering people’s questions and teaching them to assign them to the new situation, so people used to come to the office in hundreds daily and the office turned into a hive of bees that does not tire or get tired, some of them ask about the new political situation and some of them ask about the public funds that fell into his hands, and some of them ask about the permissibility Working with the occupation forces, and some of them ask about the legal mandate towards the outlaws of the defunct regime, and other necessary and urgent questions, and everyone gets a satisfactory and adequate answer for that, then the people gathered under the leadership of the legitimate heir to the Sadrist leadership under the leadership of Muqtada al-Sadr, who faced the American occupation in Iraq in 2003 Iraq has become a swimming pool for everyone who comes and goes Foreign countries, especially America and Iran, so that the first is the one who overthrew the Saddam dictatorial regime through its forces, which then took control of the reins of government, wealth and the Iraqi economy, while the second entered Iraq through its arms from the parties from 2003 to the present day. They were able to control almost completely the Iraqi administration With strong opposition from the Sadrist movement led by Muqtada al-Sadr, he was unable during that period to confront them politically, as he confronted them through military resistance represented by the Imam al-Mahdi Army because of the power of those countries politically and economically and because of their influence inside Iraq, which usually enables them to maintain their color and influence through ballot boxes . And Muqtada al-Sadr wanted through the political course to confront them through the process Politics through elections and the removal of the corrupt, agents and subordination in Iraq, in reference It is clear from him that he is determined to confront those two countries at the same time in order to defeat them peacefully And defeat their plans drawn through the ballot box . Sayyid Muqtada al-Sadr appeared in Iraq as a popular leader and leader, and his popularity was widespread among the lower classes. Sayyid Muhammad Muhammad Sadiq al-Sadr al-Sadr (the second), the father of Muqtada al- Sadr, was not one of the major Shiite religious references in Najaf and Qom, but he earned the respect of those references with his anti-government movement. The regime at the time, and his assassination as an opposition cleric by the regime in 1999 forced the Shia religious authorities to recognize his status . Muqtada al-Sadr tried to invest the capabilities of the current and restore momentum to it, using his father's political speech against the occupation, but this time al-Sadr's movements took on an armed character, by adopting calls to resist the American occupation, and in this context, al-Sadr established the Mahdi Army "to be an armed faction to resist the American occupation and resulted in many Killing, displacement, and demographic change in Baghdad and nearby areasIn addition to the southern regions of Iraq. The war lasted for two years and ended with al-Sadr’s political rival, former Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki, carrying out a military campaign to rein in the Sadrist movement, which clashed with the US-backed Iraqi army, in various regions, most notably Basra, Maysan and Baghdad. This prompted al-Sadr to freeze the work of the Mahdi Army, but he remained in conflict with al-Maliki . Muqtada al-Sadr achieved some goals : The first: forcing the parties to back down and submit to al-Sadr in large numbers. The second: exposing and exposing the corrupt, through which it resulted in reducing the popularity of Al-Ahzad classic . Third: Reducing their role in a significant and noticeable way and not giving way to industry Sectarian crises .

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رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

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