دور هوشي منه في المقاومة الفيتنامية حتى عام 1969

الباحث

مروه يحيى حسين

المشرف

صلاح خلف مشاي

الجامعة

جامعة بابل

الكلية / القسم

التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2023

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

هوشي منه;المقاومة الفيتنامية;فيتنام;التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

Historians are the ones who write down history, but the one who writes it may be an entire people or a person who took upon himself the nation’s struggle. Therefore, the history of some countries and peoples is linked to people who made that history and recorded their heroism in it. Rather, the matter goes beyond that, as the biography of some characters represents the history of a nation and the life of a people. Writing down that biography means that the history of the country as a whole has been written down. This is how the personality of the subject of study (Ho Chi Minh) is. When you write down his biography, meaning that you have written down the entire history of Vietnam, no event can be written about the history of that country without mentioning (Ho Chi Minh) and this is it. In particular, what makes it different from some other history figures whose biographies I studied, because they may have represented a specific event in their country, but they did not represent the entire history, as is the case with the study figure. The matter did not stop at that point only, the personality of Ho Chi Minh, whose influence exceeded its regional surroundings, to become one of the well-known international personalities and a symbol of the history of Asia and the world, and through all this comes the importance of studying Ho Chi Minh because the process of researching and writing about the personalities who made history differs from other personalities which formed a small part of it. Ho Chi Minh's personality was a source of political controversy and the focus of many questions and hypotheses that the researcher tried to answer through this study, most notably: How did Ho Chi Minh's social conditions and his frequent travels around the world in his youth reflect on his political and military abilities and fame, which he employed in the liberation of his country "Vietnam", What is Ho Chi Minh's role as a communist political and revolutionary leader in establishing parties: (the Indo-Chinese Communist Party, as well as the Vietnamese Communist Party), What is the impact that Ho Chi Minh played in establishing and making many communist parties' policies around the world, especially in France, China and the Soviet Union, as well as the colonies of French Indochina, including Vietnam, Was Ho Chi Minh a military leader, and how is that possible when he did not graduate from any military academy? Despite his fame, which he gained in fighting French colonialism and the American military intervention until 1969, Diagnosis of Ho Chi's political and revolutionary role on the scale of the international arena and the foreign relations that he created after he became president of North Vietnam, What role did Ho Chi Minh play in combating French colonialism and defeating it militarily and politically until 1954,What are the military and political policies adopted by Ho Chi Minh with the issue of the secession of South Vietnam, in accordance with the Geneva decisions, and work to unify it with North Vietnam,A diagnosis of the internal and external political and military role that Ho Chi Minh played in resisting the American intervention in South Vietnam and the expansion of the volume of American interventions to include North Vietnam until Ho Chi Minh's death in 1969,How did Ho Chi Minh's political, military and even diplomatic achievements with China and the Soviet Union contribute to supporting the Vietnamese case against the French presence and American intervention. The time frame of the study is determined by the year 1890, since that year witnessed the birth of Ho Chi Minh, down to the nature of his social life and the beginnings of his political revolutionary actions during his youth and until his death in 1969. Ho Chi Minh was considered one of the most prominent political figures on the scale of Vietnam, Indochina and its regional surroundings extending to China and several countries in Southeast Asia, in addition to his political and revolutionary influence that extended at the global level to include the Soviet Union, France, Britain and the United States of America. Ho Chi Minh was not a searcher for power, but he believed in communist thought, and therefore we see him practicing his communist role during his travels in his youth, as he contributed with every active factor in establishing the French Communist War, the Indo-Chinese Communist Party, and the Vietnamese Communist Party, as well as establishing several communist revolutionary associations and organizations with the goal of Including achieving the liberation and independence of his country Ho Chi Minh, during his presence in France, Britain, the United States of America, and China, specifically in the cities of Canton and Hong Kong, played a key role in extending the influence of communist thought to them, especially through his writings and articles that he used to write and publish in several newspapers that he was establishing and supervising their editing under pseudonyms. Ho Chi Minh worked during his revolutionary and political activity in order to achieve successful planning in the independence of his country, such as Ho Chi Minh, the spiritual father of the Vietnamese until the present time, for his great contributions in establishing the Vietnamese revolutionary and liberation movement. Ho Chi Minh's social environment influenced the refinement of his political and even military skills, making him an outstanding revolutionary leader for the Vietnamese people in particular, and the rest of the peoples of countries with communist leanings that were under the control of the French and British occupation, especially in Southeast Asia. He traveled to most countries of the world, especially France, Britain and the United States of America, as well as the Soviet Union and China, to transform over time from an ordinary person to a person with great influence on the Vietnamese level and on the global level as a revolutionary leader with communist political tendencies on the scale of Marxist-Leninist thought. Throughout Ho Chi Minh's life, he secured and consolidated revolutionary and patriotic ideas aimed at defending the cause of the rights of colonial countries and those oppressed peoples by European and American capitalism and imperialism. Ho Chi Minh led the revolutionary independence movement, which aimed to liberate his country at the beginning of the forties of the twentieth century from the Japanese occupation through the French occupation, up to his resistance to the American military intervention until his death. Ho Chi achieved several political and diplomatic gains from the Geneva Conference, which consolidated his strong political and diplomatic presence in the international arena, and enabled him to gain political and even military support from China and the Soviet Union, which then enabled him to launch his war on South Vietnam in order to achieve a unified Vietnam. Although Ho Chi Minh did not see the realization of his dream of unifying Vietnam and eliminating the American presence in Vietnam, his political, military and revolutionary ideas and principles became the approach and path followed by his comrades after him, until Vietnam gained its full independence, which came in the wake of the withdrawal of the United States Which enabled the establishment of a unified Vietnam.

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