الأدارسة في كتابات المؤرخين المسلمين دراسة تاريخية

الباحث

جيهان صالح عاصي الأسدي

المشرف

أ.د. نوال تركي موسى الموسوي

الجامعة

جامعة الكوفة

الكلية / القسم

الآداب / التاريخ الإسلامي

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الأدارسة;المؤرخون المسلمون;المغرب الأقصى;الكتابة التاريخية

The Idrisid state (172 AH - 375 AH / 788 AD - 985 AD) is one of the most prominent historical periods in the Islamic Maghreb, which extends from Miliana to Al-Sous Mountains beyond the surrounding sea, especially the Al-Maghrib region. In order to know the conditions of this state and the factors of its rise and fall, it is necessary to penetrate and learn about the civilization of the countries of the Far Maghreb and the most important geographical characteristics of these countries that had a direct impact on the establishment of the Idrisid state. The Alawis opposition that fled from the domination of the Abbasid state resorted to Morocco, which was the home of the opposition of the Khawarij who were able to convince the Berbers of independence and the illegitimacy of the Abbasid ruling authority, and that it inherited an authority that is not based on truth or Islamic principles, not to mention that it is a usurper that must be resisted. This is the idea which the early preachers of the Idris called for when they arrived in Morocco, and not only this, but they affirmed that the owner of the legitimate right are Ahlulbait from the sons of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and they are the ones who revolted against injustice and were killed in order to establish the truth and support its people, so they gained the sympathy of the Berbers. Thus they gained the kindness of the Berbers, who were revered by the clergy and respected the righteous saints. The land of Morocco was plowed by the Khawarij for the Shiah, and when the Shiah preachers came from the Idris, the revolutions of the Khawarij had subsided and they benefited from their cultivation. The Idris was not subjected to opposition, but on the contrary received a warm welcome. When Idris arrived in Morocco, he was able to gather around him the Berbers who found him rebellious against the state they abhor, as he represented to them the spirit of Islam that did not accept injustice and satisfies his lineage to the Prophet (peace be upon him) their religious sentiments, so he was able to be an independent state in itself. The researcher reached the results that we summarize as follows: - Al-Fassieh Al-Idrisi Historical School is the oldest without the history of the Idrisids, and this is proven by digging in the historical texts classified by its original people and those who came to it, from which we have some scattered sayings and slogans in the later sources. - Many ancient and modern writers and historians emerged from the Al-Idrisi Historical School, who had a great impact on the impact of the Arab Historical Library with their books and writings, even if these books were lost as a result of the events that the Arab Islamic countries were exposed to in terms of events represented by the fall of Baghdad (656 AH / 1258 AD) and Granada in the year ( 897 AH / 1491 AD), and ت other political crises and the burning, drowning and loss of most Arab libraries, but the survival of some references within the sources that were quoted from them which compensated, even with a small thing, for this loss. Most of the historical writings on the Idrisid and their state were absorbing the historical origins of the establishment of this state and its political and military events during the reigns of its early imams, and they also indicate the signs of the emergence of the first historical Idrisid school that relied on a generation of the first Akhbaris who collected accounts directly and oral testimonies from eyewitnesses who lived in a Idrisids state such as Al-Nawfali and his son, and the contemporary Warraq of the Idrisid state. - It is not only the Moroccan sources that quoted from these historical origins of the Fassia Idrisi (the Idrisi school), but also the eastern sources were taken from them and relied on them, as in Al-Isfahani, Al- Tabari and others. - The writings of the Idrisid school were not limited to recording the history of the Idrisids and their state only, but also recorded the news of the Islamic Maghreb since the Arab conquest, as well as the Islamic East in general. An example of this is Al-Nawfali’s book, which can be considered as a comprehensive encyclopedia of general historical events and the quotes about it in historical sources are the best proof of that Proverbs (Kitab al-Tabari), in which I found many texts specific to the Islamic East, which were transmitted from al-Nawfali.

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الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب