شواهد النحو النثرية في كتاب شواهد التوضيح والتصحيح لمشكلات الجامع الصحيح

الباحث

نور الهدى عباس علي إسماعيل

المشرف

أ.د. عبد الحسن جدوع العبودي

الجامعة

جامعة الكوفة

الكلية / القسم

التربية الأساسية / اللغة العربية

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2021

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الشواهد النحوية;الشواهد النثرية;ابن مالك;الجامع الصحيح

The follower of Shewahed Tewdheeh wel Tesheeh book for Ibn Malik found that its author has dealt with three sections of the issues, one of them: the grammatical issues came in agreement with the rules of the familiar grammar, and a second section of the grammatical issues came in conflict with the rules of the familiar grammar, and it has evidence to support it according to the drawing of the holy Qur’an. Ibn Malik permitted the issues of this section: all of it, and blamed the grammarians for not accepting it, especially since there are evidences supporting it from the Holy Qur’an and the Holy Prophetic hadith, as well as the presence of eloquent prose texts from the words of the Arabs that support it. Hence the research sees that the grammarians were not right when they rejected the issues of this section, and the research also sees that some of the ancients and moderns were right when they went that the Holy Qur’an was not the first source on which the grammarians relied in setting the rules of the Arabic language, and that the grammarians had built their bases depending on the words of the Arabs, and then they presented them to the holy Qur’an, or their dependence on the words of the Arabs was more than their reliance on the holy Qur’an. The first one who represented this trend is Ibn Hezem ( d.456A.H.) in his( Al- Fesel fi Almelel wel Nehel), and Al-Razi (d.606 A.H.) in his interpretation of (Mefateeh Al-Ghaib), as well as Dr. Ibrahim Anis in his (Min Asrar Al-Lughah), Dr. Abdul-Khaleq Udaymah in his (Dirasat le Eloob Al-Qur’an), and Dr. Ahmed Abdul-Sattar Al-Jawari in his (Nehwel Qur’an). The grammarians - as Dr. Ibrahim Anis says - had to be satisfied with the Holy Qur’an and the holy hadith of the Prophet, and what was true to them of Arabic prose in setting the rules of grammar. In the third section of the grammatical issues that came in the book of Ibn Malik, the author dealt with issues that disagreed with the traditional grammar rules, they do not have evidence to support it according to the drawing of the Qur’an. Ibn Malik disagreed with the view of the majority of grammarians regarding the numerous issues of this section, except that he agreed with them on some issues; It entered the coming of (ja’elh=make) and its sisters in a way other than the form that the grammarians stipulated in the chapter of irregularities, and it was preferable not to take the issue of raising the answer to the condition in the event that the verb of the condition and its answer are present in the present; because the correct eloquent language is referee in these structures. Based on the foregoing, the research suggests modifying some grammatical rules to be in line with what was stated in the holy Qur’an and the holy Prophetic hadith, so that after the amendment, it will be in the following form: 1- It is permissible to omit the noun in the vocative, if there is evidence for it. 2- Taking the opinion adopted by Abu Hayyan regarding the significance of (Rub=Lord), it was not used to denote a reduction, nor to denote a lot, but rather the context that indicates that it is to increase or reduce. 3- Permissibility of conjugating the predicate of the relative noun whose connection is a past tense with a fa’. 4- Permissibility of establishing a predicate (Lewla=except for). d 5- Affirm the significance of ( edh) to be the same of (edha), and vice versa. 6- Affirm that the use of (ao) in the sense of (wah), and vice versa. 7- It is permissible to use the apparent noun to the submissive pronoun without returning the preposition. 8- Affirm that it is permissible to have syndesis for the nominative relative pronoun without the need to separate with emphasis or otherwise. 9- It is permissible for the verb of the condition to come in the present tense, and the verb to answer the condition is in the past To make the excepted in nominative if it came after an affirmative. 5- Affirm the significance of ) edh) to be the same of (edha), and vice versa. 6- Affirm that the use of (ao) in the sense of (wah), and vice versa. 7- It is permissible to use the apparent noun to the submissive pronoun without returning the preposition. 8- Affirm that it is permissible to have syndesis for the nominative relative pronoun without the need to separate with emphasis or otherwise. 9- It is permissible for the verb of the condition to come in the present tense, and the verb to answer the condition is in the past 10- To make the excepted in nominative if it came after an affirmative.

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