دراسة الفجوة بين إنتاج واستهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية في العراق بعد عام 2003
Studying the Gap between Producing and Consuming the Electrical Energy in Iraq after 2003
- الباحث
- فلاح حسن عبد الرضا الأميري
- المشرف
- أ.د. حيدر نعمة بخيت
- الجامعة
- جامعة الكوفة
- الكلية / القسم
- الإدارة والاقتصاد / الاقتصاد
- الشهادة
- ماجستير
- السنة
- 2022
- لغة الرسالة
- عربي
- الكلمات المفتاحية
- الطاقة الكهربائية;فجوة الإنتاج والاستهلاك;قطاع الكهرباء;العراق
Abstract
Electric energy, in Iraq and economies of countries, are considered as a basic necessity in the process of economic development, as it constitutes the necessary element for the sustainability of the economy and the achievement of political stability for countries. The financial allocation has doubled the size of the gap (waste) in electrical energy in Iraq. The problem of production, transportation, distribution and consumption led to the depletion of resources, and waste of electric energy, in addition to that of traditional energy sources in Iraq through the extensive use of natural elements and without achieving feasibility. The depletion and waste of energy led to great pressures on the reality of energy in general and electric energy in particular, which led to a decline in the country's economic growth with the presence of other economic reasons that led to a decline in growth rates. This study contained several results, the most important of which were: - The electric power sector in Iraq suffers from the absence of strategic plans through which to reach the development of this sector. - The laws, decisions, and instructions that work on the joints of the electricity sector are not integrated and do not cover the requirements commensurate with population growth and the growth of the electricity sector in Iraq. - Low production efficiency with low productivity in transportation and distribution. - Rising operational allocations as the level of the problem worsens was not an acceptable economic solution. - The rise in investment allocations is not commensurate with the volume of production of electric energy, in accordance with international standards for the pricing of production units. - The continuation of the quantity of production, both national and imported, with the steady population growth leads to an exacerbation of the problem and its effects are reflected on the political, economic and security reality. - The lack of discipline in consumer behavior resulting from the weakness of the law and the fact that trespassing on the national grid or non-payment of bills is not a crime punishable by law, which led to waste of electric energy and abuse. - The dependence of electric power production in Iraq on fuel that is not available locally has led to a high percentage of spending on the production sector. - Investment plans in establishing production stations lack economic policy in terms of feasibility, which has led to a double increase in fixed costs over actual production. The study also contained several recommendations, the most important of which were: - Following an economic policy in supplying electrical energy in Iraq according to modern international standards in the International Energy Agency’s consultations, which include the determinants of the International Monetary Fund. - Reorganizing the production structure in accordance with the quality system in the national production and import of electric energy. - The overlap and understandings between the ministries such as the ministries of oil and industry and benefiting from them in making them one unit for these ministries in the process of producing electric power because it leads to one result, which is the gains achieved from the production of electric power. Benefiting from the production of renewable and clean energy using total quality techniques.
طلب نسخة من الملف
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