المباني التراثية المنتخبة في تلكيف - دراسة تطبيقية
Selected Heritage Buildings in Telkaif - An Empirical Study
- الباحث
- سيماء محمد جواد سعيد عبدالله
- المشرف
- فيان موفق رشيد النعيمي
- الجامعة
- جامعة الموصل
- الكلية / القسم
- كلية الاثار / قسم الآثار
- الشهادة
- ماجستير
- السنة
- 2023
- لغة الرسالة
- عربي
- الكلمات المفتاحية
- المباني التراثية ; تلكيف ; العمارة التراثية ; الآثار الإسلامية
Abstract
wheat farms in it, in addition to its wide fame in the field of handicrafts such as extracting flax seeds and extracting Tahini from sesame and other industries. It is possible to consider Telkaif an archaeological hill whose history is attributed to the archaeological hills that date back to the Assyrian era, especially as its history is linked to the archaeological hill of Yamtha, which is far from the name (Telkaif) represented the historical and civilized dimension of the Tel Al-Hajar district, a characteristic feature of the abundance of stones and alabaster in the northern regions (Arbeni District), as well as the manufacture of gunpowder for the construction of its buildings. The system of building churches in Telkaif was based in its origins on the basilica system, as it took a rectangular shape divided into three halls. The houses of the study were built with different patterns, including large ones, taking into account the economic ability and social status of the owner of the house, and others that are small in area and longitudinally, and a different pattern appeared to us than the usual patterns, as it consists of two parts separated by an arch as a link between them, which is often between the father and his children, and communication takes place from the entrances of the two houses from the top of the arch. When comparing the heritage buildings in Tal Kaif, we will find that they are similar to the buildings of Al-Mosul city, except for some elements, such as windows that overlook the neighboring houses in all the study houses, the study showed about the entrances of its houses with a straight axis overlooking the courtyard directly, while the forged entrances spread in the houses of Mosul and its buildings. D The Iwan element was defined as an architectural model and the so- called (Al-Hiry) style was used by the architecture due to the climatic variables in it, which provides a relatively moderate temperature in the summer and helps the sun’s rays enter the facilities of the building units in the winter and it was distinguished in the role of Tel Kaif by its utilization from the level of the central courtyard and its location on the first floor therein. The central yard (the courtyard) is the main engine of building architecture in Tel Kaif, which depends on openness to the inside, it is the product of social conditions and climatic treatments on which the architecture relied, and for all its units to overlook it and to move air currents between the parts of the building. Architecture has a pioneering role in the architecture of its buildings in terms of building art and methods, knowledge of engineering aspects, and treatment of environmental problems, including basements and yards. As for the windcatcher (Badkiir) one of those treatments for adjacent houses, for example, that were in narrow alleys, while churches and shrines were devoid of this element due to the height of the building as well as the window openings of various shapes and sizes, which were covered with glass panels, some of which are transparent, and some are colored in different colors. The roofing methods in buildings varied between the vault and the barrel vault, the cellar and the roof of the flat chained vaults equipped with iron joists, which are known as (Shalman). The emergence of arches that connect two rivers for one family, and the second arch of one house belongs to the same family. The rooms above the arches contained windows overlooking the entrance and exit E nodes, in order to introduce lighting and ventilation to those rooms and buildings. The study proved the mastery of the architect and his knowledge of the building materials and the properties of each of them, and employing these properties in a manner appropriate to the architecture of his buildings and the places of his construction, the predominance of stones and alabaster due to their availability. It is noted that the wall thickness in the study houses varies between (0.60 and 1.25 m). The architecture excelled in distributing and employing architectural elements in heritage buildings that perform architectural and decorative functions such as columns and arches that were used extensively, especially within churches and the surrounding halls. The study proved the dependence on the decoration of heritage buildings in Telkaif with three types of elements, including plant and geometric decoration and human images, as the principle of correspondence and symmetry was taken for the decoration, and in many cases it is composed of a group of overlapping and intertwined elements on a regular basis with each other and adding delicacy and diversity in its forms so that it appears in a connected and balanced form through its gathering and exit from the branches, the artist was also creative with multiple geometric ornaments, including circles, squares, rectangles, lozenges, and stellar plates, as well as the method of executing decorations using a recessed carving method, as the ornament stands out and its floor is recessed from it. Syriac script was prevalent in writing archaeological texts on the facades of church entrances, in the capitals of columns, and in the facade and arches of the altar. F The cultural heritage, in its various forms and types, is a source of pride for nations and evidence of their heritage and originality, that is, it is an expression of national identity and a link between its past and its present and it is unfortunate that this heritage is subject to loss and demolition, and thus disappearance and neglect. On the contrary, the global interest in heritage and its protection led to the establishment of international and then national institutions that take care of it and protect it, the Department of Antiquities and Heritage should take care of the districts, sub-districts and their heritage buildings, and document them to be a rich record of their residents and their cultural heritage. --- page 434 [OCR+] --- Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Al Mosul Faculty of Archaeology Selected heritage buildings in Telkaif - An Empirical Study- Seema Muhammad Jawad Saeed Abdullah Master Thesis in Islamic antiquities Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafaq Rashid Al Nuaimi 1444 A.H. 2023 A.D. [OCR of page] Ministry of Higher Education (a) and Scientific Research iS) ids University of Al Mosul 2ع Faculty of Archaeology Selected heritage buildings in Telkaif - An Empirical Study- Seema Muhammad Jawad Saeed Abdullah Master Thesis in Islamic antiquities Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafagq Rashid Al Nuaimi 1444 A.H. 2023 A.D. --- page 435 [OCR+] --- Selected heritage buildings in Telkaif - An Empirical Study- message submitted Seema Muhammad Jawad Saeed Abdullah To Council of the College of Archeology / University of Mosul It is part of the requirements for a Master's degree in Islamic Archeology Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafaq Rashid Al Nuaimi 1444 A.H. 2023 A.D. [OCR of page] Selected heritage buildings in Telkaif - An Empirical Study- message submitted Seema Muhammad Jawad Saeed Abdullah To Council of the College of Archeology / University of Mosul It is part of the requirements for a Master's degree in Islamic Archeology Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafagq Rashid Al Nuaimi 1444 A.H. 2023 A.D.
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