كسر همزة (إنّ) وفتحها بين القراءات القرآنية - دراسة نحوية دلالية

الباحث

هبة طارق حميد علي

المشرف

محمد إسماعيل محمد المشهداني

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية التربية للبنات / اللغة العربية

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

همزة إنّ ; القراءات القرآنية ; الكسر والفتح ; النحو العربي

Chapter four, dealt with the use of "Kasra" and "Fatha" with "In'na after the articles and it consisted of three sections. The first is after the sentence (La Jarama) and enlisted it with the articles as it began with an article, the second is when it is located after the reward "Faa"" and the third is when it comes after the conjunction article (the conjunctive Waw) The methodology used in the study is the analytical one which pivots on selecting the similar of those quranic verses and analyzing them to depend on them in terms of facilitating the rules of Arabic grammar and we followed the methodology of simplification in permitting the use of both cases. The most important findings of the research are: 1. The Holy Quran is considered the main sources of all the evidences and for this reason grammarians and linguists relied upon it to infer the rules and principles as they are the ultimate evidences in grammar. 2. The use of "Kasra" with "In'na after the saying is regarded as the most common in the language of Arabs but sometimes the use moves from the must to the preferred and this use is not wrong in Arabic. 3. There are verbs that don’t connote the saying but the imply its meaning and therefore the "Kasra" is used with "In'na before them and the "Fatha" with "In'na" was used after these verbs in the quranic recitations. 4. In the occasions in which justification mode is used the "Kasrah" was used with "In'na" or the "Fatha" is also used to denote that the two cases can be used and this was not mentioned in grammar books. 5. The "Fatha" is sometimes used with "In'na" if the sentence is interpreted as a verbal noun and the "Kasrah" is used if doesn’t and that can be noticed it the mode was a justification one. 6. There has been an evidence of using "Kasrah" or "Fatha" after the verbs of hearts, thought using the "Fatha" is more common due to the abundant Quranic evidences observed. 7. Using both "Kasrah" or "Fatha" in "In'na" after the oath in accordance to the opinion of AlJuhdhumi narrated by Abi Amr the notable grammarian to facilitate the pronunciation with favoring the use of "Kasrah" due to the big number of evidences. 8. The use of "Fatha" is more common after the phrase "La Jarama", but there are quranic evidences that favor the use of "Kasrah" as a dependable source for Arabic language. 9. The kasrah can be used after the conjunctive (Faa') and the Fatha is used if the article "In'na" came after it in addition to the diversity in direction and semantic. 10. The Kasrah can be used if "In'na" comes after the letter "Waw" preceded by a singular for conjunction and this case is mentioned in many verses in the Holy Quran and the Fatha can be used in the nominative and subjunctive modes according to the joined noun. The current research deals with using the "Kasrah" and "Fatha" with (In'na = 0!) in the Quranic Recitations as we might note that in many occasions the First letter of (In'na) the Kasrah was used with or the "Fatha" is used in accordance with the recitation depending on certain interpretations. The Quranic recitations are considered, now, as a an independent science, which is relied upon by the religious science as it established and supported many grammatical, linguistic and Fiqh rules. Therefore, the Qur'anic grammatical evidence, in the various types of recitations, became the most prominent evidences on which the grammatical rules were founded and scholars tackled them using the analysis, interpretation and orientation as they realized that the differences in the recitations have impacts on the diversification of the meanings of the Quranic verses from one hand, and an effect in terms of considering the likelihood comparison between the opinions deduced from the verses themselves from the other. The reason behind selecting this subject for the study is: the first is the enormous mistakes committed by the Arabic speakers and writers in terms of pronouncing the "Hamza" of "In'na" between the "Kasrah" and "Fatha" according to its location in the sentence and the second reason is the manifestation of the difference in terms of reciting or reading a certain verse in the two types of reading, analyzing it and directing it accordingly and showing the effect on the meaning of the verse. So, the aim of the study is to facilitate that to the speakers when they utter the "Hamza" and them demonstrate the effect of that on the general meaning of the text in which it was mentioned. The study included four chapters preceded by a preface that comprised two parts; in the first was a brief of the letters that are similar to verbs and the second dealt with the Quranic Recitations in which we mentioned the definition of recitations linguistically and linguistically, the conditions of the correct recitation. The study ended with a conclusion in which the most prominent findings were presented. Chapter one dealt with the "Kasra" and "Fatha" used with "In'na after the saying verbs and their synonyms" and it involved two sections that discussed the both uses of "Kasra" and "Fatha". Chapter two tackled the "Kasra" and "Fatha" used with "In'na in the position of justification as the two cases might be used in this respect. This chapter also involved two sections in which it dealt with the cases of analysis of the two uses of "Kasra" and "Fatha" with "In'na and the consequent grammatical and connotation. While chapter three investigated the uses "Kasra" and "Fatha" with "In'na after the specialized verbs and included two sections; the first is the use after the hearts verbs and the second is the use after the verbs that imply an oath. -ه>ط1ط-

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