قياس تطور المؤسسات وأثرها في توزيع الدخل لدول مختارة للمدة (2002-2018)

الباحث

أحمد إبراهيم محمد الخفاجي

المشرف

مفيد ذنون يونس

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الإدارة والاقتصاد / الاقتصاد

الشهادة

دكتوراه

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

تطور المؤسسات ; توزيع الدخل ; الاقتصاد المؤسسي ; دول مختارة

The study aims to measure the impact of institutional factors on the distribution of income among segments of society in low and institutionally developed countries. The panel data method was used for the period (2002-2018), for a group of selected countries, using the fixed effects model (FEM), We conducted a regression of the three income shares (the poorest 40%, the middle 40%, and the richest 10%) as approved variables within three models. The quality of regulations, the rule of law index, the voice and accountability index), and other explanatory variables were taken into account, such as the percentage of government spending, the unemployment rate, and commercial openness. Weak, as all the calculated elasticities were less than one, and the same was the case with the other variables, but it was found that the most governing institutional variables in the distribution of income for the benefit of the richest income group are (indicator of control of the wealth). and the rule of law indicator), and economic variables have a positive impact, such as the degree of trade openness), on the one hand, and on the other hand, it was found that the institutional variables whose distributive effect is in favor of the poor are (the government effectiveness indicator, the quality of regulation indicator, and the rule of law indicator), As for the variables that affect the distribution of income in favor of the middle group, they were (the government effectiveness index, and the rule of law index). As for the results of the institutionally developed countries, the results showed that institutional factors leave distributive effects in society, and that the response of income distribution to institutional variables was weak, as most of the calculated elasticities were less than one, and the same was the case with other variables, but it was found that most of the governing institutional variables in the distribution of Income is (the quality of regulation index, political stability index, government effectiveness index, voice and accountability index) on one hand and on the other hand it was found that the institutional factors that have an impact on the income shares of the poor (regulation quality index, political stability index, and effectiveness index The results also showed that the Corruption Control Index had a positive impact on the income share of the top 10%, while this indicator showed an effect on the income share of the middle 40% and the income share of the lowest 40% of the population. Through the results of the three models, it was found that the models are good, and their results can be relied upon in formulating economic policies in the distribution of income for those countries. A

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