الموقف الفرنسي من الاعتداءات الإسرائيلية على لبنان 1978-1996

الباحث

عمر دريد ذنون النعيمي

المشرف

جاسم محمد خضير الجبوري

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الآداب / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الموقف الفرنسي ; الاعتداءات الإسرائيلية ; لبنان ; التاريخ الحديث

a The French Attitudes From The Israeli’s Aggressions On Lebanon 1978-1996 Exploiting the Civil War in Lebanon in 1975 , Israel was naturing the War in Lebanon as pretext to achieve its political and expansionist ambitions (lands and waters) through supporting one of the conflicting parties .Israel exploited the civil war to control lands in southern Lebanon and its. Occupation of those lands was pretext to stop the commando operations carried out by the Palestinian resistance , which posed a direct threat to the Israeli settlements in the north of occupied Palestine. Israel began implementing a series of its expansionist operation when its forces invaded Lebanese territory in 1978 in a military operation called ( Litany Operation), which was embodied in a series of land, air and sea attacks on Lebanese cities , and ended with its occupation of southern Lebanon. Israel was unable to achieve its goals in the litany operation in 1978, and and worked to achieve its aggressive expansionist goals against Lebanon in 1982 in a military called (Pease for Galilee) , Israel aimed from this aggression to end the Palestinian in Lebanon by destroying the infrastructure of the organization The Palestinian military liberation in southern Lebanon, and the elimination of the external forces represented by the Syrian presence, in order to be able to rearrange the demographic structure in Lebanon to establish a new regime in Lebanon that will be loyal to Israel , and to implement its plan to divide Lebanon into rival sectarian states so that it can conclude a peace treaty with Lebanon. In 1996, Israel renewed its aggression against Lebanon within the framework of military actions that serve the supreme Zionist strategy in the region , which Israel pledged to carry out in return for obtaining the support of the United States of America. Israel excuted its aggression on Lebanon between 11-26 April 1996 and called it(The Grapes of Wrath). Its goal is expansion and occupation at the expense of the Lebanese territories and stripping the Lebanese of the spirit of resistance . This aggression is represented by increasing air operations which aims to attack the national resistance in northern Lebanon led by Hizb Allah and disarm the resistance and restrict its Activities , achieving the security of the Israel settements in the north of occupied Palestine , ensuring security of the Israeli soldiers in the region, and working to push the Syrian government to join the peace process in the Middle East with the least possible conditions. Regarding the French position on the Israeli aggression against Lebanon in 1978 France had an important role in standing by the government and people of Lebanon to confront the Israeli aggression against Lebanon, due to the economic and cultural ties and relations linking Lebanon with France. Withdrawal of Israeli b forces from Lebanese territory, and Israel's demand to respect international laws, UN Security Council resolutions, and respect for Lebanese sovereignty. France has repeatedly announced through its president, Fleury Giscard d'Estaing, that it is ready to meet any request submitted by the legitimate government in Lebanon, and France had a prominent role in The UN Security Council by voting in favor of resolutions condemning the Israeli aggression and demanding Israel's immediate withdrawal from Lebanese territory, in addition to the French participation in the international multinational force. The French participation in the international emergency forces in southern Lebanon is of special importance for Paris. For the first time, France is called upon to have its army participate in an operation of this kind and for the benefit of a country with which it has old and emotional ties. It is also the first time that a permanent member of the Security Council is allowed The United Nations sends military units to a United Nations peacekeeping force. France had a prominent political and diplomatic position during the Israeli aggression on Lebanon in 1982, when French President Francois Mitterrand sent a French envoy to Lebanon to follow up on current events and try to reach a ceasefire agreement, and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanese territory. In this regard, France put forward a French initiative To end the fighting in Lebanon and withdraw the Israeli forces. This initiative was presented to the UN Security Council and the resolution was voted unanimously. However, this initiative was subjected to an American veto and to Israeli opposition, which led to its abort, but France put forward another initiative jointly with Egypt, and this initiative was presented to The Security Council was also subjected to the American veto. In addition to France’s political position, it provided medical aid to Lebanon and the French president was urging the Security Council to send possible aid to the Lebanese government, and France also pledged to repair power stations that were subjected to Israeli bombardment and to send new power stations to Lebanon. During the Israeli aggression against Lebanon in 1996, the French diplomacy worked hard to stop the aggression, where French President Jacques Chirac instructed his Foreign Minister Herve De Charette to go to the Middle East for the Lebanese crisis and put forward a French initiative for a ceasefire despite the statements of Israeli officials, led by Prime Minister Shimon Peres that Israel does not accept any initiative to solve the crisis except Through the United States of America, France spared no effort in its efforts to stop the aggression against Lebanon, as throughout the period of aggression the French Foreign Minister remained in the Middle East, moving between Lebanon, Israel and Syria in order to reach a solution to the crisis. According to what we have already mention, the subject of the thesis marked with (the French position on the Israeli attacks on Lebanon 1978-1996) was chosen, and the study was conducted on the military and political aspects of the aggression and on the position of the French Republic on the Israeli aggressions 1978-1996. political aspects of the aggression and on the position of the French Republic on the Israeli aggressions 1978-1996. ### file واجهة باللغة الانكليزية.pdf PAGES=3 BODY ar=0 en=274

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