كرنيليوس فان ديك ونشاطه العلمي والفكري في لبنان (1840-1895م)

الباحث

حسن محسن حسن غائب

المشرف

هاشم عبد الرزاق صالح

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الآداب / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

كرنيليوس فان ديك ; لبنان ; النشاط العلمي ; الإرساليات التبشيرية

A Missionary missions came early to the Arab countries of the Ottoman Sultanate, and since 1830 AD the activity of foreign associations and missionaries took a new path that focused on establishing schools, establishing and publishing printing presses, paying attention to the movement of writing, translating and publishing, forming human cadres, especially among Arab Christians, and establishing associations. Finally, its work culminated in the opening of universities in the last quarter of the nineteenth century AD, in order to establish a group loyal to them in the region. Among those missionary missions was the American missionary mission, which arrived in the Levant at the beginning of the nineteenth century AD, and the American missionaries achieved special success. In this field, this is because they permitted the use of the Arabic language in the practice of worship and in the educational institutes that they opened to attract people in all parts of the Levant. The American missionaries were interested in education, especially in the Arabic language. They wrote Arabic books and short textbooks. Some of the American missionaries in the Levant focused on studying and learning the Arabic language until they mastered it. Only years had passed since their presence until they began printing many books using their printing press, which they moved to Beirut in the year 1834 AD, and they provided their schools with these printed books. The American missionaries crowned their work in the field of education with the establishment of the Syrian Protestant College in Beirut in 1866 AD, in which education was initially limited to some higher secondary studies and medicine. The language of instruction in all subjects was Arabic. B Then, over time, it gradually expanded and its scope expanded until it became at the university level, from which many people from the Levant graduated. It had a great impact on the emergence of the Arab intellectual renaissance, so the Arab renaissance in the Levant was essentially linked to the American missionary mission, as it contributed to the graduation of generations of those associated with it intellectually, and they wrote in all fields, created newspapers, and established associations, which helped in the emergence of the renaissance and modernization movement. Intellectualism in the Levant. Among the missionaries who had a prominent impact on the scientific renaissance in the Levant in general and Lebanon in particular was Dr. Cornelius van Dyck, who was famous during his long stay in the Levant for his knowledge, virtue, and good reputation. This is the reason that motivated the researcher to write down the large and important works carried out by Dr. Van Dyck, and to seek to reveal the scientific, moral and social aspects of his personality. From this context, we raise the problem of our message, which is represented in the following main question: What contributions did Cornelius Van Dyck, sent by the American Protestant Christian missionaries, make in serving the Arab renaissance in the Levant during his stay in Lebanon? In this message, we have relied on two approaches: The first is the historical method, and the second is the descriptive and analytical method. The thesis was divided into an introduction, a preface, and three chapters, in addition to a conclusion and appendices. The introduction included a summary of the thesis and an analysis of the sources used in it. The introduction included a brief overview of the general conditions in the Levant, especially Beirut during the Ottoman era. As well as the history of the presence of missionaries, and the effects they had on the scientific and literary renaissance in the region. The first chapter focused on reviewing the stages of Dr. Cornelius van Dyck's life, which included: his upbringing, his travel to the Middle East, his qualities and morals, and finally his death. The second chapter dealt with his scientific activity. Which went through two phases: the first was academic and was divided into several activities, represented by teaching children of the Druze community, sending them to the village of Aytat, renewing the system of the Abiya school and supervising it, expanding the curriculum, and stimulating competition to establish schools, which numbered five schools in 1848. As for the phase Second: From the fall of 1867 AD until December 1882 AD, during which he worked as a professor at the Syrian Evangelical College. The second chapter also dealt with Van Dyck’s activity in associations, including: the Syrian Association, the Shams al-Barr Association in Beirut, his assumption of the honorary presidency of the Medical Arts Association in Damascus, his management of the American Press, and his role in establishing the Astronomical Observatory and the weekly magazine Al- Nashra. The incident of expelling students was highlighted. The Syrian Evangelical College in 1882, and Van Dyck’s resignation from the Evangelical College. While the third chapter traces the intellectual activity of Dr. Cornelius van Dyck, which in turn is divided into: his constant encouragement of various intellectual activities, his activity in the field of writing, his scientific articles, his activity in the field of translation, and finally his sermons.

طلب نسخة من الملف

الملفات غير منشورة على الموقع. اترك بياناتك وسيتواصل معك موظفو قسم الشؤون الثقافية والفنون لإرسال النسخة مجاناً.

الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب