الكواكب الدرية في السيرة النورية للقاضي بدر الدين ابن قاضي شهبة (ت874هـ/1470م): دراسة في المنهج والمضمون

الباحث

عبدالله داود سليمان محمد

المشرف

سلطان جبر سلطان

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الآداب / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2023

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الكواكب الدرية ; ابن قاضي شهبة ; نور الدين زنكي ; المنهج التاريخي

Historical writings gain their importance from the position of historians and their role in the life of the nation and their follow-up of political, social, economic and cultural events and realities, by recording their various phenomena and developments. Therefore, the study of these writings in the later centuries takes on special importance because they are the outcome of a new phase in the life of the Arab and Islamic nation, especially after the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad was subjected to foreign invasion and its fall in the year (656 AH / 1258 CE). And the Crusader attack on the countries of the Islamic East, specifically the Levant and Egypt, and the repercussions that followed in the political and social conditions and so on, all of this helped in the carrying out of many cities such as Damascus and Cairo with great intellectual and cultural activity, and that this is a clear indication of the continuity of the life of the nation, from the keenness of its scholars of Historians and others, by continuing their scientific efforts and intellectual outcomes, in order to continue perpetuating the cultural, scientific and intellectual renaissance of the nation and its continuous giving through successive ages, despite the power of occupation and the conditions of nervousness that the nation went through from foreign domination. The contemplator of the writings of late historians in the ninth century AH, the fifteenth century AD, and the nature of their topics in the extent achieved by the foundations of historical research at that time, shows him clearly the great effort made by their authors and the high cultural status and wide scientific fame that the authors attained in that era, which is represented by: Al- Qalqashandi ( T: 821 AH / 1418 CE), al-Maqrizi (d.: 845 AH / 1441 CE), Badr al-Din Ibn Qadi Shahba (d.: 874 AH / 1469 CE), Ibn Taghri Bardi (d.: 874 AH / 1469 CE), al-Sakhawi (d.: 902 AH / 1496 CE) and others. Therefore, the selection was made by the researcher, in consultation with the professor supervising the selection of Badr al-Din Ibn Qadi Shahba, to be the subject of this thesis, as this Damascene historian is considered one of the most prominent Muslim thinkers, like his contemporaneous historians, excelled in many scientific fields such as the sciences of religion, hadith and jurisprudence as well On the science of history, and his book (Al-Kawakib al- Duriyyah fi al-Sira al-Nuri) is considered one of the extensive historical works that were compiled in his era - the ninth century AH, A the fifteenth century AD - in addition to being one of his books dealing with the biography of the just King Nur al-Din Zangi, from his birth until his death (511- 569 AH / 1117- 1173 AD), in which he also collected the incidents of a long period of time describing the general life of Damascus and what happened in Egypt and its neighbors of major and minor incidents in many political, social, economic and intellectual ways during the era of the Zangid state (521-660 AH / 1127-1261 AD) It is the book on which the researcher studied in terms of methodology and content. That any study is not without some difficulties that were hindering the process of work, including: the unavailability of some of Badr al-Din's books, especially the manuscript ones, as some of them are found in libraries outside the country, which constitutes a difficulty for the researcher, and viewing them is necessary to identify some important aspects of the biography The personal and scholarly personality of Ibn Qadi Shahba, bearing in mind that much of the material of this book is scattered in history books, in addition to the large number of resources that Badr al-Din used. This was another difficulty in distinguishing between them due to the similarity of the historical material in them except by comparison between the texts, and Badr al-Din in most cases did not mention names. Lots of it. The researcher's approach in this study relies on documentation, so it is limited to mentioning what the author is famous for, such as a title, a nickname, or a lineage only, and some of them gathered to mention (a nickname and a title) together, as mentioned when the author or his father was mentioned, as he mentioned it for the first time together and then shortened it with his title. Only, and it is followed by mentioning the title of a book in full if it is mentioned for the first time, and if it is repeated several times later, it is sufficient to append the abbreviation of the name of his book. Whoever wants details, he should confirm the sources and references attached to the end of this message, and he will find what he wants. He did not translate some of the names of authors or famous personalities in the margins of the letter, contenting himself with mentioning the age of death in the text only. As for the biographies of the sheikhs or students of Badr al-Din ibn Qadi Shahba, The scope of the research includes an introduction, a preface, three chapters, a conclusion, and appendices, in addition to establishing the sources and references on which the researcher relied, and appendices required by scientific necessity. In the beginning, it must be noted that the researcher has limited himself in the first chapter to two topics, while the second and third B

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