تقييم الترجمة الإنكليزية للتناص في ثلاثية القاهرة لنجيب محفوظ

الباحث

عصام طاهر محمد العبيدي

المشرف

عبدالرحمن أحمد عبدالرحمن القزاز

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الآداب / الترجمة

الشهادة

دكتوراه

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

انكليزي

الكلمات المفتاحية

Intertextuality ; Cairo Trilogy ; Naguib Mahfouz ; Literary Translation

As its title implies, this dissertation explores the concept of intertextuality in the framework of translation studies. In simple words, intertextuality shows us that the texts that are fully owned by their authors are infrequent, and the notion of originality is no longer in existence. It is the relationship and exchange that exist between two or more texts. It is the phenomenon in which the authors consciously and subconsciously use other pre-existing texts to reinforce and enlighten their texts. Therefore, it is the construction, weaving, glueing, and combination of several texts. Intertextuality comes in different forms and types. It might be a word, a thought, an idea, or even a stylistic imitation of previous writers to attain specific goals, such as beautifying and empowering the new texts. In many other cases, Intertextuality carries ideological purposes explicitly or implicitly embedded in the hypertext. To employ intertextual texts, authors usually rely on the shared cultural knowledge between them and their readers. The recognition of such intertextual texts can be missed intraculturally, but the possibility is doubled when the reading is intercultural, as in translation. In this dissertation, it is argued that translators who are unfamiliar with the source language culture may find it difficult to translate intertextual elements, particularly those found in literary texts. Furthermore, it is argued that due to the cultural specificity of intertextual expressions, foreign translators, particularly those who are unfamiliar with the source language culture, would inevitably rely on a literal translation method, which seldom guarantees the preservation of intertextual relationships. The researcher might be able to provide answers to the questions raised by this dissertation in its initial stages as a result of the its findings and theoretical component. Some these questions address the origin of intertextuality and Arabs' familiarity with it, the rationale behind the authors' utilization of the intertextual elements in their writings, the reasons behind the translation strategies that the translators would adopt, and finally the challenges that intertextual elements might pose during the process of translation. This study is an attempt to assess the translation of one of the most recognized works of Arabic literature, which is entitled "Cairo Trilogy" (ثلا ثیHة القHاھرة) by Naguib Maḥfūẓ. The English version of this work is by Hutchins et al.(2016),a group of native English translators. To accomplish the objectives of this study, the researcher chooses thirty texts from the Arabic version of the Cairo trilogy along with their English translations to make the data of the study. The chosen samples provide an abundance of intertextual expressions that are closely associated with the Arabic culture. To assess the quality of the provided translations, Larson's model(1984) of translation quality assessment(TQA), namely the three criteria of accuracy, clarity, and naturalness has been adopted. The analysis of the thirty texts yields a notable discrepancy between the majority of source texts STs and their corresponding target texts TTs. The cause of this disparity is attributed to the gap that exists between Arabic and English cultures and ideologies, in addition to the translators' ignorance of the Arabic prior works. Furthermore, the results show that the selected group of translators have a solid inclination to directly transfer the content of the ST to the TT without making an effort to locate equivalent intertexts in the target language TL, resulting in a negative impact specially on the level of clarity and naturalness of the TT. A further tendency that has been noticed during the analysis of the provided renditions, is the translators' inclination to include unnecessary extraneous information in the target text TT, which has a negative impact on the level of accuracy of the provided renditions. Additionally, it has been noticed that in the given renderings, there is a tendency to ignore the use of footnotes or endnotes despite the fact that these types of annotations are extremely helpful in giving essential clarification concerning the intertextual expression. The study comes to a general conclusion that translating intertextual expressions is challenging and calls for skilled translators who are aware of both languages' cultures. In other words, linguistic and cultural competency in both languages is crucial for translators to translate intertextual materials accurately, clearly, and naturally.

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